1. Penny-farthing
   Rickshaw
2. Unicycle
   Hackney coach

Also called a "high wheel," the penny-farthing was the original bicycle. Named for the British coins, "penny" and "farthing," because the difference in the size of the bike's wheels corresponded to the the difference in the size of the coins, they fell out of favor by late 1880s.

1. Coffee grinder
   Juicer
2. Strainer
   Pot strainer

These utilitarian devices, often made of glass, could be quite beautiful and highly decorative. Resembling a small bowl with a slightly pointed, raised surface in the middle, a sliced piece of fruit would be manually pressed into the juicer to extract the juice.

1. Eggbeater
   Whisk
2. Potato masher
   Flour sifter

Vintage eggbeaters and hand mixers have a distinctly Rube Goldbergian look about them. Comprised of a handle and crank connected to a series of gears and one or more whisks or beaters, they work on a combination of rotary action and elbow grease.

1. Garter
   Monkey wrench
2. Skate key
   Velcro

Immortalized in the the 1971 pop hit "Brand New Key" by Melanie, skate keys were small tools used to fasten skates to shoes in the late 1950s. Skates requiring keys became a thing of the past with the popularity of skates with integrated shoes.

1. Transistors
   Diodes
2. Printed circuits
   Vacuum tubes

Vacuum tubes, known as valves in the U.K., are devices that control the flow of electric current. Once used in most electronic devices such as televisions and radios, they mostly fell out of favor with the rise of transistors and solid-state technology.

1. Phonograph
   Gramophone
2. Graphophone
   Victrola

The graphophone was an evolution of Thomas Edison's phonograph developed by the Volta Laboratory. An improvement on Edison's steel cylinder design, the graphophone used grooved, wax-coated cylinders as a playback medium. Wax cylinder records were replaced by the more popular disc phonograph record.

1. Hotshoes
   Flashbar
2. Sun gun
   Flash cubes

Flash cubes were disposable instant flashes for use with many consumer grade cameras used in the 1960s. Containing four tiny flash bulbs detonated by an electrical charge, flash cubes provided amateur photographers with an easy and inexpensive way to take pictures in low light.

1. Inkjet printer
   Dot-matrix
2. Mimeograph
   Halftone printer

The mimeograph holds a special place in the hearts of people who were in school in the 1960s through the '80s. Frequently used by teachers to create handouts and worksheets, the economical mimeograph worked by forcing ink through a stencil. Mimeographed documents were known for their fragrant purple ink.

1. Trouser press
   Ironing board
2. Steamer
   Lint brush

The trouser press is a large electrical appliance used for removing wrinkles from trousers. Common in high-end hotels, they were a favorite device of businessmen on the go. Owning a trouser press was something of a status symbol for young, British gentlemen in the 1960s.

1. Gainsborough
   Tricorne
2. Kapp
   Mob cap

Also called a Corday, the mob cap was a popular piece of casual headwear worn by women in the Colonial era. Made to be worn indoors, mob caps were linen bonnets with ruffled brims that covered the hair, often with ribbons or straps which tied under the chin.

1. Frying pan
   Bedpan
2. Bed warmer
   Radiator

The bed warmer is a prime example of comfort over safety. Comprised of a hinged copper pan with a handle, a bed warmer is filled with hot embers and placed beneath the covers of a cold bed. Fortunately, hot water bottles, electric blankets and modern heating have made them obsolete.

1. Washboard
   Clothesline
2. Rug beater
   Mangle

Long before the dryer, you would use one of these devices to extract excess water from your clothes. The aptly named mangle was constructed with two rollers and a crank. Wet clothing would be cranked through the rollers to press out moisture in a manner similar to a hand-cranked pasta maker.

1. Elastic
   Snap fasteners
2. Shoelaces
   Buttonhook

The buttonhook was an indispensable tool for everyday life in the Victorian era. Consisting of a handle with a small metal hook, this tool simplified the process of buttoning garments, shoes and gloves. Often made with decorative flourishes, antique buttonhooks are quite collectible.

1. Chamber pot
   Pressure cooker
2. Canning jar
   Pickling crock

Pickling crocks are stoneware vessels used for pickling and fermenting foods. Foods are placed in the crock with salt, vinegar and spices and allowed to ferment over a period of days or weeks. They are particularly good for making sauerkraut or its Korean cousin, kimchi,

1. Soap dish
   Lotion caddy
2. Razor slot
   Comb holder

Razor slots were small openings on bathroom walls or inside medicine cabinets. They were simply a convenient place for disposing of used safety razor blades. Razor slots were a bit of a short-sighted innovation since walls filled with used razor blades can pose a hazard for home renovators.

1. Tweed breaks
   Sock garters
2. Hosiery braces
   Trouser clips

Sock garters, also called suspenders, are small, adjustable straps used to hold calf-length socks in place. Although they are still made, they fell out of favor with the advent of industrial knitting machines capable of sewing elastic.

1. Rug beater
   Dust racquet
2. Corn broom
   Laundry whisk

Before the vacuum cleaner, one's options for cleaning a dusty rug or carpet were severely limited. The rug beater needs little in the way of explanation: simply hang the rug on the line and beat the dust out of it. Repeat as necessary or for as long as your lungs can take it.

1. Loyalty cards
   Loteria cards
2. Green Stamps
   Coupon books

S & H Green Stamps were a popular and long-running customer reward program in use by many retailers from the 1930s into the 1980s. Stamps could be exchanged for household items, clothing and toys through a catalog. S&H has converted to computer-based points, but old stamps still have cash value!

1. Garbage disposal
   Trash compactor
2. Garbage burner
   Refuse composter

This 1952 appliance has "bad idea" written all over it! The garbage burner was a trash can-sized incinerator that vented smoke through a pipe in the wall. Although its advertising promised the convenience of "no more trash burning sessions outdoors," it never caught on with the public.

1. TV lamp
   Television shade
2. Cathode ray sculpture
   Television magnifier

Looking at a 1950s TV lamp, one might come to the conclusion that these backlit sculptures were merely decorative — sort of a hood ornament for your television. Nevertheless, they were sold as viewing accessories to reduce eye strain when watching the tube in a darkened room.

1. Opera glasses
   Spyglass
2. Monocle
   Lorgnette

The monocle is a single lens in a frame used to improve the vision of one eye. Monocles were held in place by the orbit of the eye or with a small raised frame called a gallery. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, monocles were associated in the public mind with wealth and prestige.

1. Kaleidoscope
   Panopticon
2. Nickelodeon
   Stereoscope

Popular in the 19th century, the stereoscope allows for the viewing of images in 3D through the use of a pair of stereographic images. Through the stereoscope, the viewer sees separate right and left pictures taken from slightly different angles combined into a single three-dimensional image,

1. Pencil sharpener
   Inkwell
2. Paste pot
   Blotter

Inkwells are small jars for holding ink. A writer would dip his quill, brush or steel pen in the inkwell or use it to fill his fountain pen. Inkwells became less prevalent in the early 20th century with the advent of the reservoir fountain pen which needed less frequent refilling.

1. Muddler
   Cocktail strainer
2. Jigger
   Absinthe spoon

Banned in the U.S. until 2007, absinthe is a distilled spirit made from grand wormwood, anise and several other botanicals. The drink was at its peak of popularity during the Victorian Era. Extremely bitter, it's usually blended with water poured over a cube of sugar in a specially slotted absinthe spoon.

1. Clutch
   Wristlet
2. Reticule
   Minaudiere

Reticules were small, drawstring purses carried by women in the 1700s through the early 1800s. A forerunner of the modern handbag, reticules were often homemade and elaborately decorated.

1. Gaiters
   Leggings
2. Spats
   Boot straps

Spats, also known as spatterdashes, originally served the practical purpose of protecting shoes from dirt, rain and mud. However, they also became a fashion accessory and a mark of high fashion. The popularity of spats declined with a move to more informal modes of dress and paved streets.

1. Scythe
   Sickle
2. Mattock
   Corn knife

Used for harvesting grains like wheat or cutting high grass, the scythe is a large, curved blade attached to a pole. It's largely been made obsolete by tractor-drawn reapers and combine harvesters.

1. Sippy cup
   Breast pump
2. Feeding bottle
   Feedbag

The Victorian feeding bottle differs greatly from the modern baby bottle. Comprised of a distinctive round (often described as "banjo-shaped") glass container with a length of rubber tubing and an attached nipple, feeding bottles were difficult to clean resulting in the buildup of deadly bacteria.

1. Safety razor
   Dry shaver
2. Straight razor
   Rotary shaver

Also called a cut-throat razor, the straight razor's simple design made it the only option for shaving until the invention of the safety razor. The electric razor and disposable razors further cut into the straight razor's market share, but in the last decade, the straight razor has made a resurgence.

1. Bobby pin
   Snood
2. Hairpin
   Hatpin

Hatpins, usually worn in pairs, were used to secure a hat to the hair. In addition to their practical and aesthetic functions, they could be used for self-defense. Often manufactured with highly decorative heads, antique hatpins have become highly collectible.

1. Spotlight
   Tree lamp
2. Color wheel
   Lighting outfit

Aluminum Christmas trees were a popular mid-century fad. Being made of metal, lighting them with electrical bulbs was hazardous. The solution was the color wheel, a lighted rotating disc with colorful, translucent segments. Placed near the tree, the wheel projected light through the branches.

1. Lorgnette
   Pince-Nez
2. Quizzing glass
   Loupe

Pince-nez, derived from the French words for "pinch" and "nose," are eyeglasses without temple arms. Designed to grip the bridge of the nose, pince-nez were popular in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. President Theodore Roosevelt and author Leo Tolstoy were famous pince-nez wearers.

1. Seltzer bottle
   Water fountain
2. Ice bucket
   Beer tap

The seltzer bottle or soda siphon had its heyday in the '20s and '30s. Used to dispense carbonated water or soda, their popularity declined as bottled carbonated sodas became popular. Seltzer bottles were also used by comic performers like the Three Stooges to dispense comedic mayhem.

1. Skirt lifters
   Bicycle clips
2. Garters
   Stirrups

The skirt lifter or hem lifter is another example of Victorian practicality fused with aesthetics. These often decorative metal clips were attached to the hem of a dress and connected to the belt by a length of ribbon or a chain.

1. Skeleton key
   Master key
2. Church key
   Casket key

Church keys were used to punch holes in beverage cans before the invention of pull tabs. What a can opener that looks nothing like a key has to do with church is a bit of a mystery. The name seems to be a holdover from an earlier style of bottle opener that did somewhat resemble a large key.

1. Juice extractor
   Coffee mill
2. Tea box
   Drip kettle

Coffee mills are used to grind roasted coffee beans into a granulated form for brewing. Antique coffee mills are hand-cranked utilizing small blades or burrs to tear the coffee beans into a powder. With the rise of coffee culture and gourmet coffees, the coffee mill has made a comeback.

1. Mellotron
   Harpsichord
2. Hammond B3 Organ
   Moog

Developed in England in the early 1960s, the Mellotron was a mechanical, analog forerunner of the modern sampling keyboard. Using pre-recorded tape triggered by a keyboard, the Mellotron was capable of producing a variety of sounds, making it a favorite of '60s psychedelic rockers.

1. Ascot
   Bolo
2. Dickey
   Cravat

The dickey is a false shirt front worn under a jacket or other garment. Originally a formal accessory to be worn with a tuxedo, dickeys were made with a variety of materials including rigid celluloid, cardboard and cloth. Recently, cloth dickeys have been reborn as a women's fashion.

1. Pull tab
   Knob
2. Charm
   Fob

A fob is a small ornament attached to a pocket watch chain. Although fobs are often decorative, they served the practical purpose of giving the wearer something to grab when pulling a watch from a vest pocket. Wristwatches made the watch fob and pocket watch little more than nostalgic curiosities.

1. Sachet
   Nosegay
2. Censer
   Vinaigrette

The Victorians had notoriously low standards of sanitation. With streets filled with animal and human waste, the rich developed this stylish way of protecting their delicate noses. The vinaigrette was a small metal box holding a sponge soaked in aromatic vinegar to block out the stench.